The first step is to disassemble the executable file using objdump. This will give us the machine code and the assembly code.
Converting an EXE to shellcode requires transforming a structured Portable Executable into position-independent code (PIC) by using a loader stub to handle memory allocation and dependencies. Popular automated tools for this conversion include Donut, which handles .NET and PE files, and Pe2shc, which is designed for native EXEs. convert exe to shellcode
Donut is the most popular tool for this purpose: The first step is to disassemble the executable
Writing a multi-stage beacon from scratch in assembly is impractical. Enter the technique of . This process allows attackers to leverage fully-featured compiled binaries (e.g., a custom messenger.exe or beacon.exe ) and inject them directly into memory without touching the disk. which handles .NET and PE files